\(a.2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b.n_{Al}=1,5.0,5.0,03=0,0375mol\\ m_{Al}=0,0375.27=1,0125g\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot0,03\cdot0,5=1,71g\\V_{H_2}=24,79.0,5.0,03=0,37185L\)

\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ b/n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,015}{3}=0,005\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,005.342=1,71\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al}=0,005.2=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,01.27=0,27\left(g\right)\\ c/n_{H_2}=0,005.3=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,015.24,79=0,37185\left(l\right)\)

\(a/2Al+3H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(b/30ml=0,03l\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.0,03=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0015.2}{3}=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,001.27=0,027\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,0015}{2}=0,00075\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,00075.342=0,2565\left(g\right)\)

\(c/n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,0015.3}{3}=0,0015\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,0015.24,79=0,037185\left(l\right)\)

\(a.2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b.m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,1.0,6.133,5=2,67g\\ c.V_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,06.24,79=0,7437\left(L\right)\\ d.a=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,1.0,6.27=0,54g\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,05 -->0,1----->0,05----->0,05

b

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2}{24}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,05.95=4,75\left(g\right)\)

c

\(V_{H_2}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)

d

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

      0,05<--0,1----->0,05--->0,05

\(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{FeCl2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dkc\right)}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,4=38\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,4.24,79=9,916\left(l\right)\\ d,n_{HCl}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,4=50,8\left(g\right)\)

\(a/2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow[]{}2FeCl_3\\ b/n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{162,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\2 Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow[]{}2FeCl_3\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,2mol \\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\ c/n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{Cl_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{39}{65}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.24,79=14,874\left(l\right)\)

d, - Quỳ tím hóa đỏ do HCl dư.

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a \(Zn+CuSO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+Cu\)

   0,1 ---> 0,1------------------> 0,1

b 

\(a=m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)

c

\(V_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(l\right)\)